Chalcones Enhance TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells Ewelina Szliszka 1, Zenon P. Czuba 1, Bogdan Mazur 1, Lukasz Sedek 2, Andrzej Paradysz 3 and Wojciech Krol 1,
1 Chair and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41 808 Zabrze, Poland; 2 Chair and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 3-go Maja 13, 41 800 Zabrze, Poland; 3 Chair and Department of Urology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 3-go Maja 13, 41 800 Zabrze, Poland
Abstract: Chalcones exhibit chemopreventive and antitumor effects. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a naturally occurring anticancer agent that induces apoptosis in cancer cells and is not toxic to normal cells. We examined the cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of five chalcones in combination with TRAIL on prostate cancer cells. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by the MTT and LDH assays. The apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry with annexin V-FITC. Our study showed that all five tested chalcones: chalcone, licochalcone-A, isobavachalcone, xanthohumol, butein markedly augmented TRAIL-mediated apoptosis and cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells and confirmed the significant role of chalcones in chemoprevention of prostate cancer.
Results and Discussion 2.1. Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Chalcones in Prostate Cancer Cells Recent epidemiological studies have confirmed the role of polyphenols in prevention of prostate cancer [11,26,27]. Chalcones are plant-derived polyphenols belonging to the flavonoid family and widely investigated in various therapeutic areas. The previous experimental studies suggested that these compounds exert in vitro chemopreventive activity [6–9]. Chalcones inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cells [13–17]. Panduratin A, a chalcone isolated from Kaempferiapandurata, induces apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells PC3 and DU145 [14]. Licochalcone A and isoliquiritigenin detected in Glycyrrhiza glabrainhibit proliferation and block cell cycle progression in the G2/M phase in PC3 and DU145 cells [15,16]. Xanthohumol identified in Humulus lupulus exhibited antiproliferative activities on PC3 and DU145 cells [17]. We have demonstrated that treatment of LNCaP prostate cancer cells with chalcones inhibits cell proliferation by induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis.
Source Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2010, 11, 1-13; doi:10.3390/ijms11010001 LINK TO SOURCE